Research


Research Sources (as of 5/4/2018)

The following resource sources were factored into the CACS ® algorithm to calculate suicide risk.

Alter, Adam L. Irresistible: the Rise of Addictive Technology and the Business of Keeping Us Hooked. Penguin Books, 2018.

  • Technology Use and Addiction p. 6-10
  • Social Isolation p. 217

Erbacher, Terri A., et al. Suicide in Schools: a Practitioner's Guide to Multi-Level Prevention, Assessment, Intervention, and Postvention. Routledge, 2005.

  • Grief and Loss p. 185
  • Risk Levels p. 97
  • Screenings p. 185
  • Threat Assessment and Reduction p. 47-48
  • Warning Signs p. 103

Freedenthal, Stacey. Helping the Suicidal Person: Tips and Techniques for Professionals. Routledge, 2018.

  • Access to Firearms p. 72, 126
  • Burden and Isolation p. 70, 163
  • Chronic Risk p. 100, 143
  • Collaborative Interview p. 67
  • Consultation with Colleagues p. 134
  • Demographics and Suicide p. 86
  • Documentation Needs p. 102-103
  • Intensity of Suicidal Ideation p. 59, 215
  • Internet Searches of Suicide p. 74
  • Key Protective Factors p. 84
  • Mini Screening Tools p. 152
  • No-Suicide Contracts p. 115
  • Structure of Safety Planning p. 118-121, 146

Flemons, Douglas G., and Leonard M. Gralnik. Relational Suicide Assessment: Risks, Resources, and Possibilities for Safety. W.W. Norton & Company, 2013.

  • Access to Firearms p. 125
  • Acute Stressors p. 78-79
  • Anorexia Nervosa p. 107
  • Burden and Isolation p. 92
  • Chronic Risk p. 122
  • Disciplinary Action for Students p. 80
  • Disclosures of SI or Death p. 124
  • Ending Suffering or Pain p. 121
  • Family Conflict p. 102
  • Grief and Loss p. 92
  • Humiliation and Shame p. 92, 119
  • Legal Problems p. 80
  • Mental Illness p. 89
  • Protective Factors p. 127
  • Rejection p. 76
  • Risk Levels p. 119
  • Safety Planning p. 129
  • Sleep Interruption p. 95
  • Therapeutic Alliance p. 62, 119

Joiner, Thomas E. Why People Die by Suicide. Harvard University Press, 2005.

  • Abuse and Risk p. 65, 189-190
  • Age p. 162
  • Anorexia Nervosa p. 196
  • Burden & Isolation p. 96, 106-107, 109
  • Chronic Risk p. 61
  • Depression p. 58, 164
  • Ethnicity & Culture p.160,
  • Family History p. 174, 176
  • Impulsivity p. 184, 187
  • Intent p. 82
  • Marital Status p. 124
  • Mental Illness p. 164, 196
  • No-Suicide Contracts p. 212-213
  • Self-harm p. 50-51, 59, 62, 167
  • Sleep Interruption p. 181-182
  • Social Support p. 159
  • Substance Use p. 194
  • Violence and Risk p. 71-71

Shea, Shawn C. The Practical Art of Suicide Assessment: a Guide for Mental Health Professionals and Substance Abuse Counselors. Mental Health Presses, 2011.

  • Acute Stressors p. 24-25
  • Collaborative Interview p. 13
  • Humiliation p. 31
  • Intent p. 11
  • No Escape p. 43
  • Primary Care Visits p. 7
  • Visualization p. 26

Twenge, Jean M. IGEN Why Today's Super-Connected Kids Are Growing up Less Rebellious, More Tolerant, Less Happy-and Completely Unprepared for Adulthood and (What This Means for the Rest of Us) Atria Books, 2017.

  • Cyberbullying p. 167
  • Social Isolation p. 167
  • Technology Use and Mental Illness p. 292