Research Sources (as of 5/4/2018)
      
      The following resource sources were factored into the CACS ® algorithm to calculate suicide risk.
      
        Alter, Adam L. Irresistible: the Rise of Addictive Technology and the Business of Keeping Us Hooked. Penguin Books, 2018.
        
          - Technology Use and Addiction p. 6-10
 
          - Social Isolation p. 217
 
        
      
      
        Erbacher, Terri A., et al. Suicide in Schools: a Practitioner's Guide to Multi-Level Prevention, Assessment, 
        Intervention, and Postvention. Routledge, 2005.
        
          - Grief and Loss p. 185
 
          - Risk Levels p. 97
 
          - Screenings p. 185 
 
          - Threat Assessment and Reduction p. 47-48
 
          - Warning Signs p. 103
 
        
      
      
        Freedenthal, Stacey. Helping the Suicidal Person: Tips and Techniques for Professionals. Routledge, 2018.
        
          - Access to Firearms p. 72, 126
 
          - Burden and Isolation p. 70, 163
 
          - Chronic Risk p. 100, 143
 
          - Collaborative Interview p. 67
 
          - Consultation with Colleagues p. 134
 
          - Demographics and Suicide p. 86
 
          - Documentation Needs p. 102-103
 
          - Intensity of Suicidal Ideation p. 59, 215
 
          - Internet Searches of Suicide p. 74
 
          - Key Protective Factors p. 84
 
          - Mini Screening Tools p. 152
 
          - No-Suicide Contracts p. 115
 
          - Structure of Safety Planning p. 118-121, 146
 
        
      
      
        Flemons, Douglas G., and Leonard M. Gralnik. Relational Suicide Assessment: Risks, Resources, and Possibilities for Safety. W.W. Norton & Company, 2013.
        
          - Access to Firearms p. 125
 
          - Acute Stressors p. 78-79
 
          - Anorexia Nervosa p. 107
 
          - Burden and Isolation p. 92
 
          - Chronic Risk p. 122
 
          - Disciplinary Action for Students p. 80
 
          - Disclosures of SI or Death p. 124
 
          - Ending Suffering or Pain p. 121
 
          - Family Conflict p. 102
 
          - Grief and Loss p. 92
 
          - Humiliation and Shame p. 92, 119
 
          - Legal Problems p. 80
 
          - Mental Illness p. 89
 
          - Protective Factors p. 127
 
          - Rejection p. 76
 
          - Risk Levels p. 119
 
          - Safety Planning p. 129
 
          - Sleep Interruption p. 95
 
          - Therapeutic Alliance p. 62, 119
 
        
      
      
        Joiner, Thomas E. Why People Die by Suicide. Harvard University Press, 2005. 
        
          - Abuse and Risk p. 65, 189-190
 
          - Age p. 162
 
          - Anorexia Nervosa p. 196
 
          - Burden & Isolation p. 96, 106-107, 109
 
          - Chronic Risk p. 61
 
          - Depression p. 58, 164
 
          - Ethnicity & Culture p.160,
 
          - Family History p. 174, 176 
 
          - Impulsivity p. 184, 187
 
          - Intent p. 82
 
          - Marital Status p. 124
 
          - Mental Illness p. 164, 196 
 
          - No-Suicide Contracts p. 212-213
 
          - Self-harm p. 50-51, 59, 62, 167
 
          - Sleep Interruption p. 181-182
 
          - Social Support p. 159
 
          - Substance Use p. 194 
 
          - Violence and Risk p. 71-71
 
        
      
      
        Shea, Shawn C. The Practical Art of Suicide Assessment: a Guide for Mental Health Professionals and Substance Abuse Counselors. Mental Health Presses, 2011.
        
          - Acute Stressors p. 24-25
 
          - Collaborative Interview p. 13
 
          - Humiliation p. 31
 
          - Intent p. 11
 
          - No Escape p. 43
 
          - Primary Care Visits p. 7
 
          - Visualization p. 26
 
        
      
      
        Twenge, Jean M. IGEN Why Today's Super-Connected Kids Are Growing up Less Rebellious, More Tolerant, Less Happy-and Completely Unprepared for Adulthood and (What This Means for the Rest of Us) Atria Books, 2017.
        
          - Cyberbullying p. 167
 
          - Social Isolation p. 167
 
          - Technology Use and Mental Illness p. 292